{"id":5742,"date":"2022-08-09T18:39:14","date_gmt":"2022-08-09T18:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/?p=5742"},"modified":"2023-02-25T22:02:43","modified_gmt":"2023-02-25T22:02:43","slug":"%d8%a8%d9%86-%d9%86%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/2022\/08\/09\/%d8%a8%d9%86-%d9%86%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/strong>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647  \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633  \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a <\/strong>(Faust). \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/strong> <\/strong><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 <\/strong>(Nietzsche)\u060c“<\/strong>\u0623\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0645”<\/strong>\u00ab Le cr\u00e9puscule des idoles \u00bb.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628” \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629”(1956) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627 <\/strong>:<\/strong>“<\/strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0648-\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f“.\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 “\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a”(2)<\/strong> \u00ab Ben Badis le mystique \u00bb\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a “\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629” <\/strong>\u00ab La le\u00e7on d\u2019un crime \u00bb<\/strong> (3).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u060c\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647  \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 .<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0640”\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0632\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062a”<\/strong>  <\/strong>  <\/strong>  <\/strong>\u00ab Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra \u00bb   <\/strong> <\/strong>:<\/strong>” \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u064f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647. \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647.  \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 “\u063a\u0648\u062a\u064a<\/strong>\u0651<\/strong>\u0629”. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0652 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646” .<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647  \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a  (Ma\u00eetre Eckhart, 1260-1328)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f  \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628”\u0623\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628”\u00abLe d\u00e9clin de l\u2019Occident \u00bb \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 1922\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0631 (Oswald Spengler) \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647:” \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646  \u0623\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0651\u0644\u062a\u064f \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062a” (4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 : “\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0641\u0626 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627”(5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0641\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a (Toynbee) \u0628\u062a\u0640\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629  “\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 “\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e”: \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 : ” \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631” (1971) \u0623\u0646\u0651” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0647\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/strong>“. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 (\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0647) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a (Carl Gustav Jung)(6). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0629 ” . \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0646\u062c). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629: “\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646” \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621” \u00ab Prologue dans le ciel \u00bb \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627  \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a” \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647. \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 ” \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629”(7) : (\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 – \u0645\u0641\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633- M\u00e9phistoph\u00e9l\u00e8s): “\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0648 \u062e\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0647”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a “\u0635” \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0637\u064f\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0645 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646   Saint Augustin(354-430) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f “\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649” \u0628\u0639\u062f  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a (Trente) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646:” \u0644\u0648\u0651\u062b \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u064a” \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629”(1949) \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u064a\u0629(10) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639 : “\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u062e\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0630\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647.\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u060c\u0633\u062e\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0647.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0622\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0641 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u063a\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u064e\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0633\u060c<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647:” \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0643.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0628… \u0633\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u062d .<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u062f\u0645… \u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631<\/strong>\u0642”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u062c\u0644\u064f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064c \u060c\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064c \u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064c \u060c\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u063a\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a<\/strong>\u00ab Insel Felsenburg \u00bb ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648 <\/strong>Robinson Cruso\u00eb . \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639  \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631 (Luther) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f.\u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 .\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0637\u064a\u0651\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a Ma\u00eetre Eckhart\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0640” \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621”. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629  \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0633 Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631.\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0641) \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644.\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u063a Lessing \u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0632 Leibniz\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0631 (Voltaire) \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 “\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 (Calvin)\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u062f\u0631<\/strong> <\/strong>Herder \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642<\/strong> <\/strong>.\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646  \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627<\/strong>\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0634<\/strong>\u064a <\/strong>Maracci \u0633\u0646\u0629 1698\u060c \u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 <\/strong>Megrerlin<\/strong> \u0641\u064a 1772.\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1773 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0646 <\/strong><\/strong>Boysen\u060c \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651”\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 “<\/strong>( L\u2019histoire de la vie de Mohamed, l\u00e9gislateur de l\u2019Arabie ) \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> <\/strong>Turpin\u060c \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0631”\u0646\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0633”<\/strong>( Chant en l\u2019honneur de Mahomet et de Prom\u00e9th\u00e9e)\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627” \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f” <\/strong>( La vie de Mahomet ) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0631<\/strong><\/strong>Oelsner\u060c \u0648” \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong>\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>)”<\/strong> <\/strong>(Chrestomatie arabe ) \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0641\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a <\/strong>Sylvestre de Sacy <\/strong>\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 ” <\/strong>( La Biblioth\u00e8que orientale ) \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0627 <\/strong><\/strong>Herbelot.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1773 \u0648 1775 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640” \u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a”. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1787 \u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 <\/strong>\u0635\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629  \u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong> <\/strong>Palerme) \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0648\u0652\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0652\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1791 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638 \u0648 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a 1798\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0631 “\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621”\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a 1799\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f “\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a 1806 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640”\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a” \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644:” \u0642\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0627”. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631 <\/strong>(Meyer) \u0633\u0646\u0629 1816:” \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645”. \u0648<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627<\/strong> \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/strong> Willemer \u0633\u0646\u0629 1817 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651:”\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0651\u0645<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0622\u062c\u0644\u0627”. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/strong>\u062a\u0633\u064a<\/strong>\u0644\u062a\u0631<\/strong>(<\/strong>Zelter)<\/strong> \u0633\u0646\u0629 1820 \u0643\u062a\u0628: “\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645”.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1819 \u0646\u0634\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a “<\/strong>\u00ab<\/strong> Divan occidental-oriental \u00bb<\/strong> (1<\/strong>1<\/strong>) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0647:” \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 .\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 <\/strong>\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0651\u061f \u0644<\/strong>\u0627<\/strong> \u0623\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641. \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646  \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645”. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645  \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a-\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629” \u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a  \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u062a\u0628 <\/strong>:“\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631<\/strong> yin \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a <\/strong><\/strong>yang”. \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 (<\/strong>12<\/strong>)\u060c \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0631\u060c\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a “\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/strong>\u00ab <\/strong>Humain, trop humain \u00bb<\/strong>“\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647:” \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0650\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643<\/strong>\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649”(<\/strong>13<\/strong>).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649” \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0629 \u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629”(<\/strong>14<\/strong>) \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 <\/strong>L\u00e9vi-Strauss \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0626\u064a\u0628\u0629”<\/strong>( Tristes tropiques ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062a “\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0645” <\/strong>(15)<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0647<\/strong>(Zigrid Hunke) <\/strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/strong>” \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0646 \u0635\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/strong>.<\/strong> <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a…”(<\/strong>16<\/strong>).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0632<\/strong>L\u00e9onard de Pise\u060c \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646<\/strong> Benoist-M\u00e9chin\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0646<\/strong>(Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric de Hohenstauffen)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648:”\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0633<\/strong>(Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e) <\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>Roger II (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0643) \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a…”(<\/strong>17<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646(1245) \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 (1312) \u0628\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631<\/strong>\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1960 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0647:”\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0643 “\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a”\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0643 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 “\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629”… \u0648\u0633\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647..”.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627<\/strong>\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u060c\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c<\/strong><\/strong>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28 \u0623\u0648\u062a 1969 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0640” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a\u064f \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0643 \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0643.\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a…\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0643”.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0640” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0645”\u060c \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1991 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 ” \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) R\u00e9volution africaine \u0639\u062f\u062f 30 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) <\/strong>R\u00e9volution africaine \u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong> <\/strong>020\u0645\u0627\u064a 1968.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(5) \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0648\u062a :\u0644\u0640” \u0623\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628”\u00abLe d\u00e9clin de l\u2019Occident \u00bb \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(6) \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 : \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629”. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629” (la R\u00e9publique alg\u00e9rienne \u0639\u062f\u062f 25 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1950) \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 ” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a”\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0647”<\/strong>.\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 ” \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629” \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631 Gallimard 1961) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u060c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a ” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong>” \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0631” \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong>“.\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647:” \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(7) \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647:” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629”\u00ab Th\u00e9\u00e2tre complet \u00bb, \u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c.\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0644 G.de Nerval \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062f la Pl\u00e9iade \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (8) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d.\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a ENAG \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(9) \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 “\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645” 2\u060c14 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  (10) \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628” \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2003\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629”\u060c \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647:”\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646.\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0651\u062e\u0631 \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629.\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631…” (\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a.\u0623\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a”\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 2005). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

   (11) \u0648.\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 :”\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a “<\/strong>\u00ab <\/strong>Divan Occidental-Oriental \u00bb, <\/strong>\u060c\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0631<\/strong> <\/strong>H.Lichtenberger \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a<\/strong> <\/strong>Aubier \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  (12)\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635”\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u064a”<\/strong>(\u00ab<\/strong> M\u00e9ditation d\u2019un passant aux bois sacr\u00e9s  d\u2019 Is\u00e9 \u00bb) <\/strong>\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 (\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0640 “\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649”\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627”) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  (13)\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 <\/strong><\/strong>Deno\u00eal \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 (14) \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641<\/strong>“\u00ab Le livre du philosophe \u00bb.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 (15) \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/strong> <\/strong>Ed. Plon \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1955<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 (16) \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628” \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628”<\/strong>\u00ab <\/strong>soleil d\u2019Allah brille sur l\u2019Occident \u00bb, <\/strong>\u060c\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 <\/strong><\/strong>Albin Michel \u060c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1963.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 (17) \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649” \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0645 “<\/strong>\u00ab Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric de Hohenstaufen ou le r\u00eave excommuni\u00e9 \u00bb, \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629  \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/strong>Librairie acad\u00e9mique Perrin\u060c1980<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                  <\/strong>\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 <\/strong>29 \u0623\u0648\u062a<\/strong> 2016  <\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/strong> 02 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>2016  <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643  \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-130"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5742"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5743,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742\/revisions\/5743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}