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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1<\/strong>) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0640 4&#8243;&nbsp;\u00ab A la veille d\u2019une civilisation humaine \u2013 4 \u00bb,&nbsp;\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 &nbsp;la R\u00e9publique Alg\u00e9rienne&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646 1951.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2&nbsp;\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631&#8221;&nbsp;\u00ab De conscience \u00e0 conscience \u00bb,&nbsp;\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629&nbsp;le Jeune Musulman&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3) \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f&#8221; \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629&nbsp;la RA&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 1951. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1942.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4) \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629&nbsp;La RA&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 10 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a 1949.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0645&#8221;&nbsp;\u00ab La synth\u00e8se in\u00e9luctable \u00bb&nbsp;\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629&nbsp;la RA&nbsp;\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 01 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1953<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6) &#8220;\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;&nbsp;\u00ab Th\u00e8ses modernes et la mystique en islam \u00bb,&nbsp;\u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629&nbsp;le JM&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 08 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0645&#8221;&nbsp;\u00ab La synth\u00e8se in\u00e9luctable \u00bb,&nbsp;\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629&nbsp;la RA&nbsp;\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 01 \u0645\u0627\u064a 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8) \u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629&nbsp;Le JM&nbsp;\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a 27 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1953<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9) \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c\u00ab Guerre et civilisation \u00bb,&nbsp;\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631&nbsp;Gallimard\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10) \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 5000 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11) \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 &nbsp;Fayard&nbsp;\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12) \u0639\u0646&nbsp;&#8220;\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e&#8221;\u060c\u00ab Les ambitions de l\u2019Histoire \u00bb,&nbsp;\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631&nbsp;de Fallois\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13) \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 21&nbsp;Dictionnaire du XXI\u00b0 si\u00e8cle&#8221; \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631&nbsp;. Fayard&nbsp;\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>8 \u0623\u0648\u062a<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;2016 &nbsp;<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;28 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;2016 &nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645&nbsp;\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-130"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5417,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5416\/revisions\/5417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noureddineboukrouh.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}